In our daily lives, there are often some who suffer from high blood pressure and diabetes at the same time, so they are called hypertensive diabetic patients. What are the symptoms of hypertension and diabetes? What are the contraindications in the diet of patients with hypertension and diabetes?
6 major symptoms of hypertension and diabetes
For diabetic patients, suffering from diabetes is already a very troublesome thing. Therefore, it often leads to being completely unaware of high blood pressure. Then when suffering from hypertension and diabetes, what symptoms will appear? Let's take a look at the following to know.
1. Headache
Headache is also a common symptom of high blood pressure, most of which are persistent dull pain or pulsating pain, and even burst-like pain. It often occurs when waking up in the morning, getting up, and gradually reducing after meals. The pain is mostly in the temples on both sides of the forehead and the back of the head.
2. Dizziness
Dizziness is a common symptom of hypertension. Some are transient, often appearing when squatting or standing up suddenly, and some are continuous. Dizziness is the main pain of the patient. The head has a persistent dull discomfort, which seriously hinders thinking, affects work, and loses interest in surrounding things. It can occur when there is a hypertensive crisis or insufficient blood supply to the vertebrobasilar artery. Symptoms are similar to those of inner ear vertigo.
3. Inattention, memory loss
It is not obvious in the early stage, but it gradually worsens as the disease progresses. Because it is quite distressing, it often becomes one of the reasons that prompt patients to see a doctor. It is manifested as distraction easily, loss of recent memory, it is often difficult to remember recent events, and the past, such as childhood events, are still fresh.
4. Irritability, palpitations, insomnia
Patients with high blood pressure generally experience symptoms such as heart palpitations, insomnia, and irritability. Also, nightmares and unsafe sleep often occur during sleep. This is mostly caused by neurological disorders in the brain.
5. Numbness
Numbness in the fingers and toes or skin such as mosquito movement or tightness and soreness of the back muscles are common. Some patients often feel that their fingers are not flexible. Generally, it can get better after proper treatment, but if the limb numbness is stubborn and lasts for a long time, and it is fixed in a certain limb, accompanied by weakness, cramps, and throbbing pain, you should go to the hospital in time to prevent stroke.
6. bleeding
Rarely. Because high blood pressure can cause arteriosclerosis, the elasticity of blood vessels decreases, and the fragility increases, so it is easy to rupture and bleeding. Among them, epistaxis is more common, followed by conjunctival hemorrhage, fundus hemorrhage, cerebral hemorrhage, etc. According to statistics, about 80% of patients with massive epistaxis suffer from hypertension.
In summary, when a patient has inexplicable dizziness, headache, or other symptoms mentioned above, he must consider whether he has hypertension and measure his blood pressure in time. If the blood pressure has been confirmed to be elevated, treat as soon as possible, and insist on taking the medication to avoid further development of the disease. Zheng Jiangya Tablets is a combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine. In addition to its smooth antihypertensive effect, it can significantly improve the symptoms of dizziness, headache, tinnitus, palpitations, limb numbness, insomnia, and other symptoms in hypertensive patients.
Diet for high blood pressure. Low-salt, low-fat, low-cholesterol, and low-calorie diet, mainly vegetable oil, reduce fatty meat or meat products containing saturated fatty acids, animal organs contain high cholesterol, should eat less, eat more high vitamins Food, such as vegetables, fruits, fresh milk. Avoid drinking coffee, strong tea, alcohol, and other irritating foods. Alcohol has been considered as a cause of hypertension and alcohol should be quit.
Dietary taboos for hypertension and diabetes
When patients have hypertension and diabetes, what are the taboos in diet? I believe that hypertension and diabetes patients want to know very much. Let's take a look at it below.
1. Greasy and spicy food
Common spicy foods include onions, garlic, ginger, mustard, leeks, peppers, cinnamon, star anise, onions, etc. What can't you eat with high blood pressure and diabetes? People with high blood pressure should not eat peppers in particular. Chili is hot food. If hypertensive patients have symptoms such as fever, constipation, and pain, eating chili will aggravate the symptoms and offset the effects of antihypertensive drugs.
2. Eat less salty food
Daily salt intake is controlled within 2-5 grams. Because salt can make arterioles spasm, raise blood pressure, and accelerate the process of renal arteriole sclerosis. Too much salt can also cause water and sodium to accumulate in the body and cause edema.
3. Eat less fatty foods
Such as animal fat, not eating animal offal, etc.
4. Avoid long-term consumption of high cholesterol foods
Patients with hypertension should control cholesterol-rich animal fat and other foods (such as egg yolk, animal organs, fish roe, shrimp, crab roe, cuttlefish, etc.).
5. Drink a small amount of tea
Tea contains a small amount of theophylline and xanthine, and its diuretic effect is beneficial to the treatment of hypertension. Vitamins in tea can prevent arteriosclerosis. But drinking too much tea can cause excitement, insomnia, and palpitations. Therefore, do not drink more.
6. Drink low alcohol in small amounts
Such as beer, wine, rice wine, etc., can expand blood vessels, promote blood circulation, and clear collaterals. But avoid drinking hard alcohol, not to mention alcoholism.
In addition to the above foods that hypertension and diabetes cannot eat, also, hypertensive patients should avoid smoking. The nicotine in cigarettes can stimulate the heart and blood vessels, increase blood pressure, and accelerate the formation of atherosclerosis.
Principles of Medication for Diabetes and Hypertension
According to research statistics, among diabetic patients, about 40% to 80% are also hypertensive patients. Understanding the principles of diabetic hypertension medication is helpful to the treatment of patients.
1. The best combination of diabetic hypertension
If patients with diabetes and hypertension take a single drug that is not effective, or even have adverse reactions, then it is necessary to use a small dose of several antihypertensive drugs. Doing so can not only obtain better curative effects but also reduce adverse reactions.
2. Single medication for diabetes and hypertension should be appropriate
If a patient with diabetes with hypertension needs to use a single antihypertensive drug for treatment, it is necessary not only to choose a drug with a good antihypertensive effect but also to pay attention to whether it will cause complications of diabetes, blood lipids, and blood pressure.
3. Certain antihypertensive drugs should be used with caution in diabetic hypertension
Patients with diabetes and hypertension should be very careful before taking medication because not all antihypertensive drugs are suitable for them. If the wrong medication is used, it may affect glucose metabolism, increase liver glucose output, and even reduce insulin sensitivity, so these patients should be cautious with medication.
4. Diabetic hypertension is suitable for long-acting antihypertensive drugs
Many patients with diabetes and hypertension are suitable for long-acting preparations. Because long-acting preparations make it easier for patients to adapt to the drug, their efficacy is more stable and lasting, which is beneficial to reduce urine protein and protect the kidneys, heart, and brain. Certain short-acting antihypertensive drugs can stimulate sympathetic nerves, causing headaches, nausea, palpitations, and flushing.
If patients with diabetes and hypertension can follow the above medication principles, I believe they can treat both diseases more effectively and stably.
Relationship between the two
The prevalence of hypertension in diabetic patients is twice that of non-diabetic patients, and the peak of the prevalence of hypertension in diabetic patients appears 10 years earlier than normal people, and those with hypertension are more likely to have a myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, and peripheral Macrovascular disease, and accelerate the occurrence and development of retinopathy and kidney disease.
- The disorder of glucose metabolism can accelerate the sclerosis of renal arteries and systemic arterioles, increase peripheral resistance, and increase blood pressure.
- Hyperglycemia can increase blood volume, overload the kidneys, and retain water and sodium, which can eventually cause blood pressure to rise.
Elevated blood pressure is related to cardiac output and peripheral resistance. An increase in cardiac output without peripheral changes can cause blood pressure to rise; an increase in peripheral resistance without changes in cardiac output or blood volume can also increase blood pressure, and patients with diabetes have both of these changes, so blood pressure rises rapidly and causes serious complications. On the other hand, hypertension can aggravate the damage caused by diabetes, including its impact on small blood vessels and kidneys, forming a vicious circle.
Disease hazard
Diabetes and hypertension are very harmful to the body. For example, diabetes often accompanies fundus neuropathy, arteriosclerosis, and heart, brain, and kidney damage, and hypertension is also closely related to these pathological changes; the risk of vascular damage and sclerosis in patients with diabetes and hypertension is twice that of patients with simple hypertension, and cardiovascular disease It is also a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke.
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